While retinoids thicken the dermis through collagen stimulation, recent research suggests that prescription-strength tretinoin may thin the epidermis over 12+ months of continuous use, as the forced turnover eventually leads to cellular compaction
Despite their potential to ameliorate neurodegeneration through upregulation of NRF2 and its target genes, as shown by numerous pre-clinical studies, their molecular off-target effects and concomitant unpredictable side-effects pose an obstacle for clinical trials and approval
Studies by Greenwood-Van Meerveld and colleagues using rodent POI models demonstrated that ipamorelin produced dose-dependent improvements in gastric emptying and reversal of POI-induced delayed gastrointestinal transit, with effects mediated through GHS-R1a expressed in gastrointestinal smooth muscle and enteric nervous system tissue
Quintana-Cabrera R, Quirin C, Glytsou C, Corrado M, Urbani A, Pellattiero A, et al